Afridi, discarded by the selectors since the World Cup in South Africa last March, was brought back along with batsmen Imran Nazir, Saleem Elahi and Naved Latif.
The four replace Faisal Iqbal, Asim Kamal, Shadab Kabir and Bazid Khan in a preliminary squad of 22.
Afridi, who has played 14 Test matches and 176 one-dayers, last represented Pakistan in a World Cup pool match against India at Centurion on March 1, 2003.
"We have called up these four players for the training camp in Lahore since they are specialist one-day players," chief selector Wasim Bari said.
Bari added that selection of the Test squad for the India series would be made at a later date, based on performances during the one-dayers and also in Pakistan domestic cricket.
India arrive in Pakistan on March 10 and will play five one-day internationals between March 13 and 24. Three Tests will follow between March 28 and April 17.
